Strategic Energy Routes

The Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline transports Caspian crude from Azerbaijan through Georgia and Türkiye to the Mediterranean port of Ceyhan.

Provides a major Caspian export corridor to the Mediterranean without requiring tanker transit through the Turkish Straits.

A westward crude export pipeline connecting Azerbaijan's Caspian oil infrastructure with the Georgian Black Sea terminal at Supsa.

Provides an additional Black Sea export outlet for Azerbaijani crude.

The Caspian Pipeline Consortium pipeline carries crude from major Western Kazakhstan oil fields to the Black Sea marine terminal near Novorossiysk.

One of the most important export routes for Kazakhstan crude, connecting Caspian production directly with seaborne global markets.

A legacy natural-gas pipeline network linking Central Asian production with Russia.

Historically significant for Central Asian gas exports and regional gas balancing.

A major cross-border gas corridor transporting Central Asian natural gas eastward into China.

A key source of pipeline gas imports for China and an important export corridor for Turkmenistan.

A crude export pipeline transporting oil from southern Chad across Cameroon to an Atlantic export terminal near Kribi.

Provides landlocked Chad with access to international seaborne crude markets.

A major crude-oil pipeline system carrying Russian crude westward through Belarus and onward into Central and Eastern Europe.

Strategically important for land-based crude supply into Europe and sensitive to sanctions, transit restrictions, outages, and geopolitical disruption.

The Eastern Siberia-Pacific Ocean pipeline transports Russian crude from Eastern Siberia toward Pacific export markets.

A key route for Russian crude exports to Asian markets, especially China and other Asia-Pacific buyers.

Saudi Arabia's East-West crude pipeline transports oil from eastern production areas toward the Red Sea terminal at Yanbu.

Provides Saudi Arabia with an alternative export path that can bypass the Strait of Hormuz.

A large network of pipelines carrying western Canadian crude and petroleum products into major refining markets in Canada and the United States.

One of North America's principal crude transportation systems.

An Iranian crude pipeline connecting southwestern oil infrastructure with the Gulf of Oman coast near Jask.

Provides Iran with an oil-export route outside the Strait of Hormuz.

An offshore gas pipeline connecting Libya's Mellitah terminal with Sicily.

A direct natural-gas export link between Libya and the European market.

A UAE crude pipeline transporting oil from Abu Dhabi's inland infrastructure to the export terminal at Fujairah.

Allows UAE crude exports to reach the Gulf of Oman without passing through the Strait of Hormuz.

A crude export pipeline linking northern Iraqi oil production with the Mediterranean export terminal at Ceyhan in Türkiye.

A strategically important northern export corridor for Iraqi crude.

An eastbound crude pipeline system transporting Kazakhstan oil toward the Chinese border at Alashankou.

Provides Kazakhstan with a direct overland export route into China and diversifies exports away from westbound corridors.